Pelvic Pain Diagnosis and Treatment in Houston, TX

Some of the most common causes of pelvic pain, aside from normal menstruation and ovulation, include:

• endometriosis, a condition that occurs when the uterine lining tissue (endometrium) grows outside the uterus
• ectopic pregnancy
• ovarian, uterine or cervical cancer
• pelvic floor disorders and pelvic organ prolapse

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Because so many issues can cause or contribute to pelvic pain, a thorough exam is the best way to ensure the most appropriate treatment is provided for long-term relief of symptoms and to avoid potential complications.

Pelvic inflammatory disease is an infection of the reproductive organs and tissues that can affect any area of the reproductive tract and can spread from one area to another. PID is usually caused by an STD, and mild forms may be treated with antibiotics. More advanced infections that develop abscesses may require surgery to remove the abscesses to prevent scarring. Very severe infections may require a hysterectomy or oophorectomy (removal of the ovaries) to remove damaged organs that cannot be repaired and to prevent spread of the infection. Infections can cause extensive scarring, and PID is a very common cause of infertility in the U.S.

The diagnosis of pelvic pain begins with a pelvic exam, as well as a review of the patient’s medical history and symptoms. Ultrasounds or in some cases MRI or CT scans may be ordered along with blood tests and urinalysis to confirm an infection and determine the pathogen (germ) that’s causing the infection so treatment can be targeted at that germ. Minimally-invasive exams like hysteroscopy may also be ordered to look inside the uterus and to examine the fallopian tubes.

Although pelvic pain can be difficult to deal with, there are ways you can prevent it from occurring. Taking over-the-counter pain conditions, such as ibuprofen, is a common yet effective method to prevent pelvic pain. Exercising is another way to prevent pelvic pain, as it increases your blood flow and strengthens your pelvic floor. A strong core alleviates lower back pain, which in turn helps to reduce undue stress on your hips. When your posture and mobility improve, it may also reduce some types of pelvic pain. 

Pelvic pain can be treated through a variety of methods, but which one you need depends on how severe your condition is. 

Below is a short list of possible treatments for pelvic pain:

• Medication, such as pain relievers, muscle relaxers, and antibiotics.
• Hormone treatments.
• Physical therapy.
• Neuromodulation, which is when the spinal cord is stimulated.
• Trigger point injection
• Hysterectomy.
• Laparoscopy.

Pelvic pain is typically diagnosed through a physical exam. This exam usually involves a few tests, such as getting blood work or a urine sample. Another way doctors can diagnose pelvic pain is by pelvic ultrasound. A pelvic ultrasound is a non-invasive exam that creates images of a woman’s pelvis. It provides doctors with a clearer view of a woman’s reproductive organs, so they can better assess the problem. It can help rule out fibroids and other causes of pelvic pain, such as endometriosis. 

While pelvic pain itself does not cause reproductive problems, it can definitely be a symptom of a condition that does affect fertility. Pelvic pain can be a symptom of endometriosis, a condition where tissue grows outside of the uterus. Another condition where pelvic pain is a common symptom is pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).

PID is when one or more of the reproductive organs, such as the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries are infected. This can occur when bacteria spreads up from the vagina to the reproductive organs. PID is typically caused by a sexually transmitted disease (STI), like chlamydia.

You should see a doctor if pelvic pain is severe, persistent, or disrupts your daily life. Seek medical attention if it is accompanied by symptoms such as heavy bleeding, fever, painful urination, or unusual vaginal discharge. It's especially important to see a doctor if the pain worsens over time or is linked to reproductive health issues, such as difficulty getting pregnant.

Yes, ovarian cysts can cause chronic pelvic pain, particularly if they are large, ruptured, or twisted (a condition called ovarian torsion). Some cysts, like endometriomas or polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) cysts, can contribute to ongoing discomfort and pain. Even small cysts may cause intermittent or sharp pelvic pain.

Hormone therapy can help manage pelvic pain, especially if the pain is related to conditions like endometriosis, fibroids, or menstrual disorders. By regulating or suppressing certain hormones, treatments like birth control pills, progestins, or GnRH agonists can reduce pain caused by the overgrowth of uterine tissue or hormonal fluctuations.

Pelvic pain can often be linked to menstrual disorders such as dysmenorrhea (painful periods), endometriosis, or fibroids. These conditions may cause intense cramping or chronic pain during and outside of your menstrual cycle. Hormonal imbalances and inflammation can worsen the discomfort.

Yes, diet can influence pelvic pain, especially if it is related to conditions like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), endometriosis, or inflammatory conditions. Reducing inflammatory foods (processed sugars, refined carbs, and saturated fats) and increasing anti-inflammatory foods (lomega-3s, fruits, and vegetables) may help alleviate symptoms.

Recovery time from pelvic pain treatment depends on the underlying cause and the type of treatment. Non-surgical treatments, like medications or physical therapy, may provide relief within weeks to months. Recovery from surgery, if necessary, typically takes several weeks, though complete symptom relief may take longer. Some chronic conditions may require ongoing management.

Gynecological pelvic pain is often related to the menstrual cycle, ovulation, or reproductive organs. If your pain worsens during your period, with intercourse, or around ovulation, it may be gynecological. Pelvic pain from gastrointestinal, urinary, or musculoskeletal conditions may feel different or have distinct symptoms (e.g., bloating, bowel changes, or painful urination). A doctor can help identify the cause with a detailed medical history and diagnostic tests.

Pelvic pain is not a normal part of aging, though certain conditions that cause pelvic pain, like fibroids or ovarian cysts, may become more common as you age. Menopause can also bring hormonal changes that impact the pelvic region, but a doctor should evaluate any chronic or severe pelvic pain.

Yes, pelvic pain can sometimes indicate a serious condition, such as an ectopic pregnancy, appendicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), or ovarian torsion. If pelvic pain is sudden, severe, or accompanied by symptoms like fever, dizziness, heavy bleeding, or difficulty breathing, seek emergency medical attention.